Revista Eletrônica da PGE-RJ

Crise: E agora? O quanto o setor elétrico está preparado para resolvê-la

2025-02-28T09:52:58-03:00

O objetivo deste artigo é o de avaliar como o setor elétrico brasileiro enfrenta crises de oferta de energia elétrica. Para tanto, partiu-se do diagnóstico elaborado pelo TCU com relação à ausência de plano de contingenciamento de crises de energia. A partir desde diagnóstico, a hipótese formulada é a de que inexistem mecanismos de public enforcement na regulação do setor elétrico que estimulem a elaboração de tal plano de contingenciamento. Ao final deste artigo, são propostas algumas sugestões de mecanismos em linha com a literatura sobre o tema e as regras que balizam a atuação do CMSE, ANEEL e ONS.

General environmental compensation rule: legal foundations and parameters

2025-02-28T09:53:00-03:00

This article analyzes the legal framework of environmental compensation under the perspective of Brazilian law. In addition to statutory environmental compensations expressly provided for in federal, state, and local laws, infralegal norms or environmental protection agencies can establish non-statutory compensations as conditions within the environmental licensing or authorization processes. This is because the concept of environmental compensation is not a matters of legal reserve. This power-obligation, exercised based on the technical discretion of public agents, is grounded in a general environmental compensation norm established by the Federal Constitution, international law, and current legislation. The purpose of environmental compensation is to maintain environmental balance, an inalienable right. The article further distinguishes between compensation and other instruments that implement the polluter-pays principle, including environmental civil liability, public pricing, environmental taxation, and punitive sanctions. It emphasizes the importance of regulating parameters for the establishment and quantification of environmental compensations, aiming at legal certainty and the objectivity of the environmental agency's actions. In this context, legal parameters are proposed for this purpose (adversarial process and full defense, transparency, proportionality, and motivation), as well as the consequences of this, such as the need for reassessment and/or requalification of compensation in case of changes to the licensed project or redefinition of the impact, and the requirement of locational proximity between the impacting project and the compensation destination. Finally, it is argued that the duty to provide grounds for non-statutory environmental compensations is more stringent than for statutory compensations.

State Advocacy in the protection of fundamental values of modern Constitutionalism

2025-02-28T09:53:07-03:00

This article aims to reflect on the role of state law in protecting the fundamental values of modern constitutionalism. As specific objectives of this research, we aim to understand in depth the concept and purpose of State Advocacy. In addition, it intends to analyze the constitutional treatment given to Public Advocacy in contemporary times, considering the legal and normative provisions in force. Furthermore, we aim to highlight the primary importance of Public Advocacy in protecting the values that underlie the Modern Constitutional State, which include principles such as equality, justice, democracy and fundamental rights. By addressing these aspects, we intend to contribute to a deeper understanding of the role played by State Advocacy in the defense and preservation of the foundations of the legal system and of society as a whole. Methodologically, the research is classified as qualitative, descriptive and bibliographical. It appears that State Advocacy plays a fundamental role in the defense of values in the Modern Constitutional State. Through its representative, advisory and legal control activities, it aims to ensure the protection of fundamental rights, the promotion of equality, the guarantee of justice and the strengthening of democracy. By ensuring that government actions comply with the Constitution, State Advocacy contributes to the maintenance of the rule of law and the preservation of the principles that support the constitutional order, aiming at the public interest and the promotion of the common good.

For a dogmatics of nescience: elements for an epistemology of uncertainty applied to administrative law

2025-02-28T09:53:01-03:00

The text seeks to outline an overview of uncertainty and indeterminacy in administrative law, relying on the category of nescience. It discusses what an appropriate taxonomy of the different types of uncertainty would be, based on the unifying category of nescience. It focuses on the specific issue of the different levels or profiles in which it materializes, covering the figures of nescience of the general, the particular, and of determinations. The argument progresses by affirming the need for legal dogmatics to take the problem of ignorance more seriously, refining the criteria of decidability to address situations that are somewhat common, if not inherent, where this problem arises. At the core of this reflection lies the understanding that administrative law is a particularly fertile ground for this type of discussion, considering the types of problems that the discipline and its scholars usually encounter—problems that rarely remain confined to the strictly formal-linguistic domain.

The Future of law and economics: tax reform and law Robin Hood - economic analysis of law applied to public power

2025-02-28T09:53:05-03:00

The Robin Hood Law has allowed for a better distribution of ICMS amounts owed to municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais. The purpose of this article was to carry out an analysis of economic law considering the Robin Hood Law, to meet its egalitarian and proactive purposes. This is bibliographical research. For this review, a search for articles was performed in the Google Scholar and Scielo databases. As a criterion for inclusion of literary materials in this study, no minimum publication period was defined due to the possibility of finding a greater number of scientific articles on the subject. The results of the research allowed concluding that the decentralization of financial resources becomes important for municipalities, as they will have more resources at their disposal. State Law 12,040 of December 28, 1995, and its amendments become important for Minas Gerais municipalities regarding public finances. The available municipal revenue includes the municipalities' own collection as well as transfers provided by the Union and the states.

Types of money laundering related to the sale of motor vehicles

2025-02-28T09:53:03-03:00

The text highlights the global threat of money laundering, estimated at between 2% and 5% of the world's GDP. In the Brazilian context, this illicit activity in the sale of motor vehicles can generate between R$218 billion and R$545 billion, making it an area ripe for illegal practices. The study delves into the associated typologies, such as the conversion of assets, fraud in car rental companies, the use of foreign corporate vehicles and the laundering of funds from corruption through the purchase of cars. The research adopts an exploratory and qualitative approach, culminating in the development of a risk matrix to identify vulnerabilities and contribute to more effective strategies for preventing and repressing these illicit activities.

Comitê Gestor do IBS e seu papel no equilíbrio fiscal interfederativo

2025-02-28T09:52:48-03:00

O objetivo do artigo é tratar sobre o papel do Comitê Gestor do IBS criado pela Emenda Constitucional 132/2023 no equilíbrio fiscal interfederativo. Assim, os seguintes problemas são enfrentados: Qual é a natureza política do Comitê Gestor do IBS? Como a mudança no critério territorial de tributação afeta o federalismo brasileiro (da origem para o destino)? Quais os efeitos da mudança na natureza da receita dos entes subnacionais (de receita própria para receita transferida)? Qual é o papel do Comitê Gestor no equilíbrio fiscal interfederativo? Argumenta-se que, embora a reforma fiscal tenha atingido substancialmente a autonomia dos entes subnacionais, houve uma preocupação normativa com o equilíbrio orçamentário de cada unidade da federação, notadamente com as seguintes questões: (1) obrigatoriedade de estimativa de impacto e compensação nos casos de mudanças na legislação e interpretação que impactem na arrecadação e distribuição do IBS; (2) preocupação com as normas de transição; e (3) normas de equalização fiscal. A troca da autonomia tributária dos entes subnacionais pela participação destes na gestão do IBS mediante o Comitê Gestor representa algo maior do que a troca da natureza da receita (de receita própria para receita transferida). Aumenta-se o risco de os entes subnacionais não conseguirem cobrir suas despesas obrigatórias ou cumprir suas atribuições constitucionais por esforço próprio em sua gestão fiscal, considerando o contexto brasileiro de desequilíbrio fiscal e insegurança jurídica. O equilíbrio fiscal dos Estados e Municípios, no âmbito das receitas, dependerá de decisões externas – principalmente do Comitê Gestor do IBS. A pesquisa é teórica, com amparo na análise documental e do método dedutivo.

Apresentação

2025-02-27T19:04:26-03:00

Parecer nº 01/2023-ARCY

2025-02-25T19:20:14-03:00

Expediente

2025-02-20T13:42:21-03:00

A mutação do Estado administrativo nos EUA: Suprema Corte sinaliza mudanças no desenho institucional da Administração Pública

2025-02-19T16:00:35-03:00

Seminário os 35 anos da Constituição: Bastidores das Lutas das Mulheres por seus Direitos

2025-02-27T14:02:32-03:00

Direitos das Mulheres na Constituição

Os bastidores das lutas das mulheres durante a elaboração da Constituição de 1988 é o tema do seminário que a Comissão de Gênero da PGE-RJ promoveu no dia 23 de outubro de 2023 no auditório da Procuradoria, no Centro do Rio.

Os organizadores reuniram um time peso pesado na defesa dos direitos das mulheres para as palestras: a professora da UFF Hildete Pereira de Melo, doutora em Economia; Nair Jane de Castro Lima, líder sindical das trabalhadoras domésticas do Brasil; Schuma Schumaher, pedagoga e coordenadora executiva da Rede de Desenvolvimento Humano; e a Procuradora do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Leonor Nunes de Paiva.